The 39-year-old, who has been involved in Arsenal’s youth ranks, takes over after the club parted ways with Scott Lindsey on Sunday.
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Lindsey left after a 10-match winless run in League Two, from which Crawley picked up just five points to leave them two places and one point above the relegation zone.
Kazim-Richards retired from the game in 2023 after a spell at Turkish side Fatih Karagumruk, with Celtic, Fenerbahce, Toulouse, Galatasaray, Olympiakos, Bursaspor, Feyenoord and Brazilian club Corinthians among his former clubs.
He earned 37 international caps for Türkiye, scoring two goals, after making his debut in 2007.
Crawley owner Raphael Khalili told the club website: “Following a thorough and highly competitive recruitment process, Colin distinguished himself as an outstanding candidate.
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“He is a natural leader with extensive experience in the dressing room and we firmly believe that he is the right person to guide the club at this important time.”
Kazim-Richards’ first game in charge will be at home against Gillingham on Saturday, March 28, before a crucial trip to relegation rivals Newport on Good Friday.
Khalili added: “Colin enjoyed a successful playing career and brings a wealth of experience at all levels of the game. That depth of knowledge will be invaluable given our current situation.
“Just as importantly, he has the ability to connect with players, inspire confidence and foster a strong, unified atmosphere within the team.
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“His ambition, determination and clear vision for success made a strong impression on us. We are confident that, under his leadership, he will instill confidence throughout the team and drive positive and sustained improvement in results.”